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제 7 호 One Marshmallow or a Hundred Marshmallows to Have with Patience?

Kicker: LIFESTYLE TRENDS One Marshmallow or a Hundred Marshmallows to Have with Patience? Is the Trend of Small but Certain Happiness Really the Refuge We Created? By Min-gyeong Lee, Editor lee.mkpeach.gmail.com Do you know about the marshmallow experiment? It is a quite famous experiment. It is said that children who earned twice as much because they waited without eating marshmallows immediately became more successful when they grew up. However, it is also widely known that there was a large error in this experiment. The results were interpreted and published without considering the diversity of samples. Those who succeeded later were, in fact, not because of patience, but with a better environment, and the children who did not have the patience were brought up in an environment where they could not trust the rewards that would come later, so they took a marshmallow right away. Korea's trend of “small but certain happiness” also implies this uncomfortable reality. This is a conclusion made by people who have no hope that marshmallows will come twice, ten times, or 100 times with patience and effort. 1. The Concept of “Small but Certain Happiness” and How It Represents Young People “Small but certain happiness” is commonly used to mean “small but certain happiness in everyday life”. This buzzword comes from Murakami Haruki's 1986 essay "Afternoon of the Islets of Langerhans." The writer described the phrase as “the feeling of tearing freshly baked bread with your hands, stacking up neatly folded and packed underwear in a drawer, and wearing a white shirt newly bought with the smell of clean cotton from your head.”. In Korea, the trend of “small but certain happiness” began in a different context from the attractive way of finding happiness in everyday life suggested by Murakami. As for the social definition of this phrase used in Korea, people who accept this trend positively as well as those who criticize it negatively, generally agree that it is an antithesis of social happiness judged from the social point of view pursued by the existing society, such as being promoted, marriage, owning a home, owning a car, etc. As a means of marketing, by actively using this buzzword as a suitable phrase to replace cost-effectiveness or other product benefits with abstract happiness, it has become more visible in advertisements than real young people actively use it. Compared to the way concepts similar to “small but certain happiness” are interpreted and practiced in other foreign countries, the phenomenon has become much more consumption-oriented or even wasting in Korea, as it meets the strong consumerist culture peculiar to Korean society. In other words, it is accepted by young people as a concept of materially compensating one's own suffering through consumption in shorter cycles rather than giving up the present for a large, uncertain happiness in the future. The younger generation with a relatively high average educational background is trying to live while recognizing reality and making compromises based on some reasonable logic. 2. “Big and Certain Happiness” Against “Small but Certain Happiness” On the other hand, a new discussion has recently emerged among the younger generation. “I do not need “small but sure happiness”. I need a certain and sound happiness. What is wrong with that I am poor-looking? I will work hard to collect money.” “Big and certain happiness”: The great capital or life achievements or processes that are earned through hard-working and saving in youth. In a way, this can seem like an obsolete value. The value of “youth because you suffer” makes sense at first glance that you have to struggle in youth to be comfortable with old age; however, it is often used as an excuse for unscrupulous people who try to exploit young people's workforce at no cost, so many young people have an allergic reaction to hearing similar words.. Nonetheless, after discovering the “small but certain happiness” trend and aggressively emphasizing it in the media and marketing, it became a society that promotes overconsumption, and young people who question this phenomenon began to appear one after another. However, as mentioned earlier, because of the values these people pursue, or the voices that are concerned and criticize consumerism embedded in the trend, the economic structure that does not benefit younger generations and benefits only specific people overlap with the so-called “ggondaes”*, people characterized by narrow-minded nagging,. which is criticized by people who enjoy short cycle repetitive consumerist lifestyles. This trend is also based on the social outlook and individualism of the young generation with high average education, and it is not easily disputed because there are already some grounds and conclusions. *ggondae: the Korean term for a narrow-minded old human However, it is true that when people who support “small but certain happiness” consumer lifestyles criticize “big and certain happiness”, their criticism also has limitations of grasping the different argument from theirs based on their approximate impressions rather than from proper examination. The greatest obstacle to discovery is not ignorance - it is the illusion of knowledge. - Daniel J. Boorstin As the prospects of the younger generation are gloomy anyway, a trend of “small but certain happiness” has emerged that they will be rewarded for their efforts every time while enjoying the present. On the other hand, there have been some people who aim for “Big and certain happiness” by saving money and struggling with financial technology. Is the latter really just old value? Or is it a new will to protect themselves in response to consumerism and commercialism? Sources: https://www.sciencetimes.co.kr/news/%EB%A7%88%EC%8B%9C%EB%A9%9C%EB%A1%9C-%EC%84%B1%EA%B3%B5-%EA%B3%B5%EC%8B%9D%EC%9D%80-%EC%98%A4%EB%A5%98/ https://www.cnbc.com/id/100367067

• 작성일 2020-09-27
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제 6 호 Are You Satisfied with The Online Lecture at The University?

Kicker: DEBATE(EDUCATION) Are You Satisfied with The Online Lecture at The University? The Various Opinions of Online Lectures By Yoo-Jung Kim, Reporter kyjmimi121@naver.com Recently, all elementary, middle, high schools and universities started online school due to the coronavirus. It is the first time that all official South Korea educational institutions have opened their schools online. It is the first time, but Korea is also stabilizing the educational environment by supporting various equipment so that all students can receive education online. These days, there is still much debate about online lectures. Today, we will look at positive and negative opinions about the online lectures currently in place. In addition, we will find out various opinions about the real-time conference ZOOM app. The Positive Opinions of Online Lectures: The advantage of online lectures is that preparation and commuting times to go to school have been reduced. Therefore, there is more time than before, so there is more time to pre-study and review about lesson contents. Especially in the case of universities, there were many cases of commuting between regions, and the students who spent a lot of time to go to school, which could be shortened. The second advantage is that you can repeat online lectures when you have something you don't understand. Thirdly, you can hear it at any time and place you want and promote self-directed learning. Unlike original lectures in school or university, it is characterized by more freedom and autonomy. ▶ A student attending an online lecture The Negative Opinions of Online Lectures: The disadvantage to online lectures is that you have to study autonomously at home. Friends who are not familiar with self-directed learning can feel it is difficult. Second, when there are parts that you don't understand, you may not be able to solve them even if you watch and repeat the lecture. Lectures and online chatting may have limited effect in that students cannot ask questions and hear answers face to face with the teacher. Finally, there are opinions that the amounts of online lectures, teaching materials, and the progress of lectures are generally inferior to on-site classes. These days, many university students are also protesting the return of tuition due to the poor quality of the online lecture. Therefore, schools are conducting video classes instead of online lectures, just like real classes, through a video conferencing platform called 'ZOOM'. The Positive and Negative Opinions of Real-Time Lectures Online: However, there are various positions about real-time lectures. The advantage is that you can ask questions about things you don't know right away compared to online lectures. Also there is an advantage that you can participate in class with concentration as you meet the teacher by real-time conference. On the other hand, the ‘ZOOM’ app itself was found to be vulnerable to personal information and caused a lot of anxiety. In addition, there is a disadvantage that real-time lectures in conference do not deliver as much lecture time as classes at school or university. ▶ Official promotional photos of the Zoom app There is a lot of controversy over online lectures, but the important thing is that there are efforts to make improvements. Improvement is always necessary to build a good educational environment. Our Ministry of Education and schools are trying to improve the above controversy. Currently, it is becoming an environment where many students can participate in online lectures comfortably. I want to know your various opinion about online lectures or real-time lectures. Please think about your opinions about online lectures and write your opinion based on this article.

• 작성일 2020-06-30
• 좋아요 Like 1
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제 5 호 Cellphones Allowed on Military Bases

Kicker: DEBATE (MILITARY) Cellphones Allowed on Military Bases Permitted Since a Year Ago, Is It Good to Continue? By Dong-wook Kim, Reporter smartpodo@kakao.com It has been a year since the usage of cellphones on military bases has been allowed. But there seems to be a lot of controversial talk between people about this. There are some thoughts that this policy can bring positive effects on military bases and, on the contrary, there are some people who think that this will not. What are your opinions? Cellphones on military bases bring more positive effects than negative effects: One of the finest inventions of the world, cellphones, have become a core machine to communicate between people. Even in a harsh environment, like in North Korea, millions of cellphones are being circulated. This is the original nature of humans to communicate and contact with each other. Even if the crack down on soldiers is going on, they will still find a way to carry their phones to military bases and use them. Then is the regulation necessary? ▶Soldiers using cellphones during their free time Also, the usage of cellphones has enhanced the soldiers’ reputation to be more like a social person as a society member. Some people might worry about soldiers overusing cellphones. Soldiers are allowed to use cellphones from a fixed time away from training time. They use cellphones in their leisure time and return their cellphones while training. In this way, the soldiers can have a fun time while resting and this can have a positive effect on their training. Cellphones in military can be poisonous to soldiers: The purpose of military service is to win in case of a war. To achieve victory, we need to strengthen the bond between soldiers. This comes from soldiers spending time together in real life, but what will they do with the cellphones? Probably they are likely to be more attracted to their machines than to their colleagues. This can be the cause of growing individualism among soldiers leading to worsen combat powers. ▶ Soldiers having a fun time without using their cellphones We cannot overlook the possibility of a leak of national security. The problem has not happened yet. However, there are no guarantees in the future that it will not occur. If cellphones are widely spread on military bases, the chance of national information leaks increases. This can lead to North Korea getting crucial information about our country. The controversy is continuing over these two opinions. However, one thing is for sure. If the cellphone usage continues, it should be done in a way that does not affect negatively our country. On the contrary, if it harms the national interest, the policy should be stopped immediately. Sources: http://www.bloter.net/archives/342445 https://news.joins.com/article/23145958

• 작성일 2020-03-21
• 좋아요 Like 3
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제 4 호 VLOG in the Workplace, Agree or Disagree?

Kicker: DEBATE(VLOG) VLOG in the Workplace, Agree or Disagree by Ju-eun Yeon, Editor yeonje1113@naver.com A brand café posted a notice about Vlog’s video deletion which recipes were leaked out. Furthermore, some videos that contains new recruit’s first-commute day has been uploaded on Youtube. Vlog means the video contents that upload daily life. It is made of video + blog. Many Youtube generations want to share their daily life, including work life, using Vlog. However, as they want to upload the Vlog’s video, there are many concerns about the company’s technique leaks or etiquette in the workplace. Regarding this argument, what about your thinking? Do you agree with taking Vlogs in the workplace? Taking Vlogs in the workplace: Agree ▲ the Image about Samsung Vlogs The people who agree with taking Vlogs in the workplace emphasize individual freedom. Although they who upload Vlogs work in their workplace, nobody objects to their right of taking Vlogs because it is completely a private matter. Another opinion is that Vlogs can be utilized as a marketing way. For example, there is Samsung. Samsung Electronics of Samsung uploaded the Vlogs on Youtube. Through these Vlogs, Samsung can get a friendly company image and let the talented person know about the company’s welfare. An interested party said, “in addition to Samsung, major companies like LG and SK are uploading their Vlogs on Youtube.” They aim for the company promotion to Youtube generations naturally. Taking Vlogs in the workplace: Disagree ▲ the Image about a Brand Café’s Notice The people who disagree with taking Vlogs in the workplace emphasize the security about company’s technique. As I wrote before, a brand café posted a notice about Vlog’s video deletion because of recipes leak, infringement of trademark and copyright. In addition to the security problem, there are legal problems. First, the rights to a boss’s portrait. They would not want their body parts to appear in the video. Second, a prohibition against working together may be written in the employment contract. Most companies contain a prohibition against working together in the employment contract. Then, the people who upload Vlogs working at their workplace violate the law. Youtube generations are constantly looking for their aptitude expressing their passion for the field of interest in a variety of contents. For this reason, it is only fair to hear various people’s voices. Fortunately, this problem can be coordinated sharing various opinions with each other. Therefore, I asked SMU students who belong to the Youtube generation and will go out into the society soon. What are your thoughts on the matter? Sources: https://www.ifs.or.kr/bbs/board.php?bo_table=YTT_board&wr_id=402 http://www.etoday.co.kr/news/view/1789857 http://www.sobilife.com/news/articleView.html?idxno=23970 http://www.youtube.com

• 작성일 2019-12-06
• 좋아요 Like 2
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제 3 호 Driving Car without Human Control, Can This Theory Be Realized in the Very Near Future?

Kicker: DEBATE (TECHNOLOGY) Driving Car without Human Control, Can This Theory Be Realized in the Very Near Future? Controversial Thoughts for Normalization of Self-Driving Cars by Yu-sun Kang, Reporter dbtjs126@naver.com Currently, one company plans to launch a fully self-driving car in 2020, according to industry forecasts. It also means that the day when humans will allow machines to drive is not so far from now. With the advent of the fourth industrial era, which has spread from Germany to the world, self-driving simulation or self-driving investment and business are growing very rapidly. At the center of the huge attention, the debate over the pros and cons of self-driving car is still heating up in the media. This article is written for sharing our opinions and thoughts about self-driving car. Also, I would like to inform you that I put the opinions of students now majoring in industrial design at Sangmyung University who are currently working and studying in the field closest to self-driving technology for a more deep and honest comparison. ▲ Ads for new cars with self-driving technologies ▲With its sensuous, good interface and design, the testing of protocols just before commercialization are already constantly emerging in the pair project. Commercialization of Self-driving Cars: Agree Commercialization of self-driving cars is a magical word that will simply relieve the world's traffic congestion. When humans and technologies meet, there is nothing better than self-driving technology. Throughout the more than 100 years of history of people driving a car, I think this technology is perhaps the most ideal expectation among the new technologies, not only for reducing traffic jams and car accidents with very stable technology, but also for the concept of cars, which were considered only a means of transportation, to bring something very practical and productive to the time and space that humans can get by not driving. Also, the most frequently mentioned negative opinion is about the possibility of accidents caused by self-driving technology. However, it has been proven statistically and scientifically that the percentage is much lower than driving by humans. Needless to say, this technology can solve the problems such as wasted oil, parking space, and air pollution by applying technology with new regulations. Commercialization of Self-driving Cars: Disagree Commercialization of self-driving technologies is literally a "technology." Technology must be necessary for all human beings and must be introduced for the development of mankind. As the examples like transportation, communication, the Internet and so on. But humans can already drive by themselves, and they have more than a hundred years of laws and tried to last the systems related to cars. There seems to be no apparent reason yet for commercializing self-driving technology, which is not really necessary for everyone. In addition, even if commercialized, a lot of new systems will be needed to be lasting and adapted for commercialization. This could be too complex and confusing for people. Also, what if a self-driving car gets involved in an accident due to a system error, who will take moral responsibility? Is it the owner or the maker and company of the car? It can also serve as a huge risk and dilemma for people. As with all technologies, “commercialization” laws are needed during the initial implementation to lead the technology in a right and proper direction for the future. Like the most recently commercialized thing we know "drones," I think that readjustment of technology and strict and correct discipline can preserve and develop technology, so it should be implemented one day. What are your thoughts on the matter? Sources: https://www.autoinsurancecenter.com/top-20-pros-and-cons-associated-with-self-driving-cars.htm https://www.frickey.com/blog/pros-cons-driverless-cars https://economia.icaew.com/opinion/march-2019/debate-will-autonomous-cars-make-the-roads-safer https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-018-07135-0

• 작성일 2019-09-20
• 좋아요 Like 2
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제 2 호 Legal Abortion, Agree or Disagree?

Kicker: DEBATE Legal Abortion, Agree or Disagree? The Constitutional Court Made its Decision, How About You? by Sarah Chae, Editor sarah3fran@gmail.com Abortion is one of the most controversial issues in the world. In South Korea, abortion is illegal but is permitted in cases of rape, incest, or on additional enumerated grounds. However in the U.K, U.S.A, and China abortion is legal. Recently the Constitutional Court has made its decision on whether the current abortion law is unconstitutional or not. Just before their decision, a rally was held at a similar time and place between those who agree or oppose legal abortion. What do you think, do you think abortion should be legal? Let’s take a look at the Positive/Negative opinions and the decision of the Constitutional Court. Rally held at a similar time and place between those who agree or oppose legal abortion. Legal Abortion: Agree Some people say that the end must come to the history that controls a woman’s body. The history of controlling and punishing women's bodies and threatening their health and life must come to an end. Women have the right to chose what to do with their body. Having a child is not the happiest thing in the world to everybody. In this case, abortion could save a woman from having dangerous mental problems, or giving birth to an unwanted child. Giving birth and taking care of a child is actually also a process that could be dangerous physically, mentally, financially, and in many other ways. It is a big change in one’s life, especially to the women. Therefore, to these people the choice to be able to get an abortion in a safe environment could be giving them the choice to live on, healthily. Legal Abortion: Disagree Some people say that a fetus is powerless and is a part of the socially weak people. To these people, the smallest and most powerless social underdog being erased, which should be the safest, is the worst tragedy on Earth and the same as the acts of terror or genocide. The right to life is the basic right guaranteed by the state, which means that life to the fetus must also be guaranteed. In this case the survival of ‘illegal’ abortion is a step toward a mature society where even the most vulnerable and defenseless human being can be respected. The Constitutional Court’s Decicsion The Constitutional Court decided that, Article 269 paragraph 1 of the Criminal Law, which punishes a pregnant women's self-abortion, and that any part of Article 270 paragraph 1 of the Criminal Law, which punishes doctors for performing an abortion with consignment or consent, does not conform to the Constitution, and that the above provisions continue to apply until the legislature revises the law on November 2020. In a press release, the National Human Rights Commission welcomed this decision because it is meaningful that the Court has changed their attitude and admitted the pregnant women’s right to self-determination. The Constitutional Court making its decision on whether the current abortion law is unconstitutional or not. (April 11, 2019) The Constitutional Court has made their choice.Some may think this is or is not enough, or maybe that this decision is too much for them. I ask again, how do you think about Legal Abortion? Are you for or against it? *Sources: http://www.kwdi.re.kr/research/ntrandView.do?p=1&idx=124061 https://www.ccourt.go.kr/cckhome/kor/ccourt/pressrelease/selectPressrelease.do# http://www.womennews.co.kr/news/articleView.html?idxno=187794 https://www.worldabortionlaws.com http://news.khan.co.kr/kh_news/khan_art_view.html?art_id=201903302020001 http://news.chosun.com/site/data/html_dir/2019/04/11/2019041102030.html?utm_source=urlcopy&utm_medium=share&utm_campaign=news

• 작성일 2019-06-01
• 좋아요 Like 3
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제 1 호 New Seoul City Youth Allowance Payment, Agree? or Disagree?

Kicker: DEBATE What Do You Think About the New Seoul City Youth Allowance Payment? agree? or disagree? by Su-jeong Sim, Reporter tlatnwjd97@naver.com ▲Seoul City Youth Allowance Payment Recently, there is a lot of controversy over the Seoul City policy of paying a youth allowance without condition. The agree or disagree controversy over whether or not to pay the youth allowance without any condition, unlike the existing method of paying youth allowance, is getting hot. Therefore, I want to ask your opinion about this unconditional allowance payment. Youth Allowance is an allowance that promotes the employment of unemployed young people aged 19 to 34 living in Seoul. It is paid for ₩500,000 per month, paid for at least 3 months to up to 6 months. On the other hand, newly proposed by the Seoul City the payment of youth allowance is regardless of income or qualifications, giving a youth Allowance for 1,600 young people. Opinion about the agree and disagree are divided for payment of the new youth allowance. First of all, the agree opinion says, “In Seoul, there are 1.5 million people in their 20s. We cannot pay all of these people, so only pick 1,600 people and experiment for 2 years. The budget is ₩10 billion a year. Of the 1,600 people, divided into 800 people, and 800 people will be given ₩500,000 without any condition. The remaining other 800 people will be given ₩500,000 but if they work part-time or earn money by getting a job, then the money will be cut. If I earn ₩300,000 from a part-time job, the amount of money given by Seoul City will be reduced to ₩200,000. Observe their lifestyle and compare to which method is effective.” Next, the disagree opinion says, "In Seoul, there are 1.5 million people in their 20s. If they are to be paid ₩500,000 per month in batches, they need about ₩9.3 trillion for the budget. Therefore, the tax burden might increase.” Also, “Is it right to give ₩500,000 a month in a youth allowance to young people who are not suffering from economic hardship due to their parents' help?” And “There is a concern that the money received will not be for self-improvement but will be spent on entertainment expenses.” What are the opinions of young people who will be able to receive this youth allowance in the future? I ask again, do you agree or disagree with the unconditional payment of youth allowances? Sources: http://news.kmib.co.kr/article/view.asp?arcid=0013081827&code=61121111&cp=nv https://news.naver.com/main/read.nhn?mode=LSD&mid=sec&sid1=102&oid=214&aid=0000931943 https://m.post.naver.com/viewer/postView.nhn?volumeNo=5612344&memberNo=33401951&vType=VERTICAL

• 작성일 2019-03-26
• 좋아요 Like 6
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